diff --git a/middleware/geocodeJSON.js b/middleware/geocodeJSON.js
index a5e136b0..e7948cec 100644
--- a/middleware/geocodeJSON.js
+++ b/middleware/geocodeJSON.js
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ function setup(peliasConfig) {
 
 function convertToGeocodeJSON(peliasConfig, req, next) {
 
+  // do nothing if no result data set
+  if (!req.results || !req.results.data) {
+    return next();
+  }
+
   req.results.geojson = { geocoding: {} };
 
   // REQUIRED. A semver.org compliant version number. Describes the version of
diff --git a/middleware/renamePlacenames.js b/middleware/renamePlacenames.js
index 9e24fc8f..6b27d2fc 100644
--- a/middleware/renamePlacenames.js
+++ b/middleware/renamePlacenames.js
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ function setup() {
 function renamePlacenames(req, res, next) {
 
   // do nothing if no result data set
-  if (!req.results.data) {
+  if (!req.results || !req.results.data) {
     return next();
   }
 
diff --git a/middleware/sendJSON.js b/middleware/sendJSON.js
index 8ab0bc88..1fd21a4c 100644
--- a/middleware/sendJSON.js
+++ b/middleware/sendJSON.js
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-function sendJSONResponse(req, res) {
+function sendJSONResponse(req, res, next) {
+
+  // do nothing if no result data set
+  if (!req.results || !req.results.geojson) {
+    return next();
+  }
+
   // respond
   return res.status(200).json(req.results.geojson);
 }