# Search with autocomplete

If you are building an end-user application, you can use the `/autocomplete` endpoint alongside `/search` to enable real-time feedback. This type-ahead functionality helps users find what they are looking for, without requiring them to fully specify their search term. Typically, the user starts typing and a drop-down list appears where they can choose the term from the list below.

To build a query with autocomplete, you need a `text` parameter, representing what a user has typed into your application so far. Optionally, you can specify a geographic point where the search is focused, this will allow users to see more local places in the results.

## User experience guidelines

There are two user experience pitfalls to watch out for when implementing a client-side typeahead solution:

**Requests must be throttled.** Since autocomplete requests generally correspond directly to user input, it's important to account for fast typers and throttle requests when using the autocomplete endpoint. Mapzen Search has a per second rate limit (that defaults to 6 requests per second), but some devices and networks (for example, mobile phones on a slow connection) may also respond poorly when too many requests are sent too quickly, so be sure to do some testing on your own. [Learn more in this interactive demo.](http://jsfiddle.net/missinglink/19e2r2we/)

**Responses are asynchronous.** This means you cannot be sure responses will be returned in the same order they were requested. If you were to send two queries synchronously, first `'Lo'` then `'London'`, you may find the `'London'` response would arrive before the `'Lo'` response. This will result in a quick flash of `'London'` results followed by the results for `'Lo'`, which can confuse the user.

## Global scope, local focus

To focus your search based upon a geographical area, such as the center of the user's map or at the device's GPS location, supply the parameters `focus.point.lat` and `focus.point.lon`. This boosts locally relevant results higher. For example, if you search for `Union Square`:

From San Francisco:

>
[/v1/autocomplete?api_key=mapzen-xxxxxx&__focus.point.lat=37.7&focus.point.lon=-122.4&text=union square__](https://search.mapzen.com/v1/autocomplete?focus.point.lat=37.7&focus.point.lon=-122.4&text=union square)

```
1)	Union Square, San Francisco County, CA
2)	Union Square, New York County, NY
```

From New York City:

>
[/v1/autocomplete?api_key=mapzen-xxxxxx&__focus.point.lat=40.7&focus.point.lon=-73.9&text=union square__](https://search.mapzen.com/v1/autocomplete?focus.point.lat=40.7&focus.point.lon=-73.9&text=union square)

```
1)	Union Square, New York County, NY
2)	Union Square, San Francisco County, CA
```

The `/autocomplete` endpoint can promote nearby results to the top of the list, while still allowing important matches from farther away to be visible. For example, searching `hard rock cafe` with a focus on Berlin:

> [/v1/autocomplete?api_key=mapzen-xxxxxx&__focus.point.lat=52.5&focus.point.lon=13.3&text=hard rock cafe__](https://search.mapzen.com/v1/autocomplete?focus.point.lat=52.5&focus.point.lon=13.3&text=hard rock cafe)

with `focus.point` you will find the Berlin restaurant first:
```
1)	Hard Rock Cafe Berlin, Berlin, Germany
2)	Hard Rock Café, San Giljan, Malta
```

without `focus.point` you will find the most popular restaurants first:
```
1)	Hard Rock Cafe, Pune, Maharashtra
2)	Hard Rock Café, San Giljan, Malta
```

## Filters

You can filter the results in several ways: the original data source and/or the type of record.

### Sources

The `sources` parameter allows you to specify from which data sources you'd like to receive results. The sources are as follows

* `openstreetmap` or `osm`
* `openaddresses` or `oa`
* `geonames` or `gn`
* `whosonfirst` or `wof`

> [/v1/autocomplete?api_key=mapzen-xxxxxx&__sources=openaddresses__&text=pennsylvania](https://search.mapzen.com/v1/autocomplete?sources=openaddresses&text=pennsylvania)

with `sources=openaddresses` you will only find addresses on Pennsylvania Ave or Street:
```
1) 8 R Pennsylvania Avenue, Amity, PA, USA
2) 7 Pennsylvania Avenue, Amity, PA, USA
3) 9 Pennsylvania Avenue, Cherry, PA, USA
```

without `sources=openaddresses` you will find the most popular Pennsylvanias first:
```
1) Pennsylvania, USA
2) Pennsylvania Avenue Heights, Washington, DC, USA
3) Pennsylvania, Satsuma, AL, USA
```

### Layers
The type of record is referred to as its `layer`. All records are indexed into the following layers:

|layer|description|
|----|----|
|`venue`|points of interest, businesses, things with walls|
|`address`|places with a street address|
|`street`|streets,roads,highways|
|`country`|places that issue passports, nations, nation-states|
|`macroregion`|a related group of regions. Mostly in Europe|
|`region`|states and provinces|
|`macrocounty`|a related group of counties. Mostly in Europe.|
|`county`|official governmental area; usually bigger than a locality, almost always smaller than a region|
|`locality`|towns, hamlets, cities|
|`localadmin`|local administrative boundaries|
|`borough`| a local administrative boundary, currently only used for New York City|
|`neighbourhood`|social communities, neighbourhoods|
|`coarse`|alias for simultaneously using all administrative layers (everything except `venue` and `address`)|

> [/v1/autocomplete?api_key=mapzen-xxxxxx&__layers=coarse__&text=starbuck](https://search.mapzen.com/v1/autocomplete?layers=coarse&text=starbuck)

with `layers=coarse` you will see only administrative areas with names containing Starbuck

```
1) Starbuckville, NY, USA
2) Starbuck, MN, USA
3) Starbuck, WA, USA
```

with `layers=venue` you will see only the venues by that name

```
1) Starbucks, Braunschweig, Germany
2) Starbucks, Islip, NY, USA
3) Starbucks, Austin, TX, USA
```

### Country

![Searching in a country](/images/world_country.png)

Sometimes your work might require that all the search results be from a particular country. To do this, you can set the `boundary.country` parameter value to the alpha-2 or alpha-3 [ISO-3166 country code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1).

## Available autocomplete parameters

| Parameter | Type | Required | Default | Example |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `api_key` | string | yes | none | [get yours here](https://mapzen.com/developers) |
| `text` | string | yes | none | `Union Square` |
| `focus.point.lat` | floating point number | no | none | `48.581755` |
| `focus.point.lon` | floating point number | no | none | `7.745843` |
| `boundary.rect.min_lon` | floating point number | no | none | `139.2794` |
| `boundary.rect.max_lon` | floating point number | no | none | `140.1471` |
| `boundary.rect.min_lat` | floating point number | no | none | `35.53308` |
| `boundary.rect.max_lat` | floating point number | no | none | `35.81346` |
| `sources` | string | no | all sources: osm,oa,gn,wof | openstreetmap,wof |
| `layers` | string | no | all layers: address,venue,neighbourhood,locality,borough,localadmin,county,macrocounty,region,marcoregion,country,coarse | address,venue |
| `boundary.country` | string | no | none | 'GBR' |