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Static Files
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============
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The authentication views and templates work, but they look very plain
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right now. Some `CSS`_ can be added to add style to the HTML layout you
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constructed. The style won't change, so it's a *static* file rather than
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a template.
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Flask automatically adds a ``static`` view that takes a path relative
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to the ``flaskr/static`` directory and serves it. The ``base.html``
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template already has a link to the ``style.css`` file:
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.. code-block:: html+jinja
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{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}
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Besides CSS, other types of static files might be files with JavaScript
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functions, or a logo image. They are all placed under the
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``flaskr/static`` directory and referenced with
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``url_for('static', filename='...')``.
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This tutorial isn't focused on how to write CSS, so you can just copy
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the following into the ``flaskr/static/style.css`` file:
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.. code-block:: css
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:caption: ``flaskr/static/style.css``
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html { font-family: sans-serif; background: #eee; padding: 1rem; }
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body { max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto; background: white; }
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h1 { font-family: serif; color: #377ba8; margin: 1rem 0; }
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a { color: #377ba8; }
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hr { border: none; border-top: 1px solid lightgray; }
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nav { background: lightgray; display: flex; align-items: center; padding: 0 0.5rem; }
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nav h1 { flex: auto; margin: 0; }
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nav h1 a { text-decoration: none; padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem; }
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nav ul { display: flex; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
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nav ul li a, nav ul li span, header .action { display: block; padding: 0.5rem; }
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.content { padding: 0 1rem 1rem; }
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.content > header { border-bottom: 1px solid lightgray; display: flex; align-items: flex-end; }
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.content > header h1 { flex: auto; margin: 1rem 0 0.25rem 0; }
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.flash { margin: 1em 0; padding: 1em; background: #cae6f6; border: 1px solid #377ba8; }
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.post > header { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; font-size: 0.85em; }
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.post > header > div:first-of-type { flex: auto; }
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.post > header h1 { font-size: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0; }
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.post .about { color: slategray; font-style: italic; }
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.post .body { white-space: pre-line; }
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.content:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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.content form { margin: 1em 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
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.content label { font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
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.content input, .content textarea { margin-bottom: 1em; }
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.content textarea { min-height: 12em; resize: vertical; }
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input.danger { color: #cc2f2e; }
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input[type=submit] { align-self: start; min-width: 10em; }
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You can find a less compact version of ``style.css`` in the
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:gh:`example code <examples/tutorial/flaskr/static/style.css>`.
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Go to http://127.0.0.1:5000/auth/login and the page should look like the
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screenshot below.
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.. image:: flaskr_login.png
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:align: center
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:class: screenshot
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:alt: screenshot of login page
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You can read more about CSS from `Mozilla's documentation <CSS_>`_. If
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you change a static file, refresh the browser page. If the change
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doesn't show up, try clearing your browser's cache.
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.. _CSS: https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/CSS
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Continue to :doc:`blog`.
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