From cc59f2b2046fdc5ef280b95aaa22c26c3e0fba46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Lord Date: Thu, 11 May 2017 22:48:21 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] clean up deferred callback doc remove doc about writing after_this_request [ci skip] --- docs/patterns/deferredcallbacks.rst | 80 ++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/patterns/deferredcallbacks.rst b/docs/patterns/deferredcallbacks.rst index a79dc913..bc20cdd6 100644 --- a/docs/patterns/deferredcallbacks.rst +++ b/docs/patterns/deferredcallbacks.rst @@ -3,71 +3,43 @@ Deferred Request Callbacks ========================== -One of the design principles of Flask is that response objects are created -and passed down a chain of potential callbacks that can modify them or -replace them. When the request handling starts, there is no response -object yet. It is created as necessary either by a view function or by -some other component in the system. - -But what happens if you want to modify the response at a point where the -response does not exist yet? A common example for that would be a -before-request function that wants to set a cookie on the response object. - -One way is to avoid the situation. Very often that is possible. For -instance you can try to move that logic into an after-request callback -instead. Sometimes however moving that code there is just not a very -pleasant experience or makes code look very awkward. - -As an alternative possibility you can attach a bunch of callback functions -to the :data:`~flask.g` object and call them at the end of the request. -This way you can defer code execution from anywhere in the application. - - -The Decorator -------------- - -The following decorator is the key. It registers a function on a list on -the :data:`~flask.g` object:: - - from flask import g - - def after_this_request(f): - if not hasattr(g, 'after_request_callbacks'): - g.after_request_callbacks = [] - g.after_request_callbacks.append(f) - return f - - -Calling the Deferred --------------------- - -Now you can use the `after_this_request` decorator to mark a function to -be called at the end of the request. But we still need to call them. For -this the following function needs to be registered as -:meth:`~flask.Flask.after_request` callback:: - - @app.after_request - def call_after_request_callbacks(response): - for callback in getattr(g, 'after_request_callbacks', ()): - callback(response) - return response - - -A Practical Example -------------------- +One of the design principles of Flask is that response objects are created and +passed down a chain of potential callbacks that can modify them or replace +them. When the request handling starts, there is no response object yet. It is +created as necessary either by a view function or by some other component in +the system. + +What happens if you want to modify the response at a point where the response +does not exist yet? A common example for that would be a +:meth:`~flask.Flask.before_request` callback that wants to set a cookie on the +response object. + +One way is to avoid the situation. Very often that is possible. For instance +you can try to move that logic into a :meth:`~flask.Flask.after_request` +callback instead. However, sometimes moving code there makes it more +more complicated or awkward to reason about. + +As an alternative, you can use :func:`~flask.after_this_request` to register +callbacks that will execute after only the current request. This way you can +defer code execution from anywhere in the application, based on the current +request. At any time during a request, we can register a function to be called at the -end of the request. For example you can remember the current language of the -user in a cookie in the before-request function:: +end of the request. For example you can remember the current language of the +user in a cookie in a :meth:`~flask.Flask.before_request` callback:: from flask import request, after_this_request @app.before_request def detect_user_language(): language = request.cookies.get('user_lang') + if language is None: language = guess_language_from_request() + + # when the response exists, set a cookie with the language @after_this_request def remember_language(response): response.set_cookie('user_lang', language) + g.language = language