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176 lines
6.2 KiB
176 lines
6.2 KiB
.. _installation: |
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Installation |
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============ |
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Flask depends on some external libraries, like `Werkzeug |
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<http://werkzeug.pocoo.org/>`_ and `Jinja2 <http://jinja.pocoo.org/>`_. |
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Werkzeug is a toolkit for WSGI, the standard Python interface between web |
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applications and a variety of servers for both development and deployment. |
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Jinja2 renders templates. |
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So how do you get all that on your computer quickly? There are many ways you |
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could do that, but the most kick-ass method is virtualenv, so let's have a look |
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at that first. |
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You will need Python 2.6 or newer to get started, so be sure to have an |
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up-to-date Python 2.x installation. For using Flask with Python 3 have a |
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look at :ref:`python3-support`. |
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.. _virtualenv: |
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virtualenv |
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---------- |
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Virtualenv is probably what you want to use during development, and if you have |
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shell access to your production machines, you'll probably want to use it there, |
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too. |
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What problem does virtualenv solve? If you like Python as much as I do, |
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chances are you want to use it for other projects besides Flask-based web |
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applications. But the more projects you have, the more likely it is that you |
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will be working with different versions of Python itself, or at least different |
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versions of Python libraries. Let's face it: quite often libraries break |
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backwards compatibility, and it's unlikely that any serious application will |
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have zero dependencies. So what do you do if two or more of your projects have |
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conflicting dependencies? |
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Virtualenv to the rescue! Virtualenv enables multiple side-by-side |
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installations of Python, one for each project. It doesn't actually install |
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separate copies of Python, but it does provide a clever way to keep different |
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project environments isolated. Let's see how virtualenv works. |
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If you are on Mac OS X or Linux, chances are that one of the following two |
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commands will work for you:: |
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$ sudo easy_install virtualenv |
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or even better:: |
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$ sudo pip install virtualenv |
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One of these will probably install virtualenv on your system. Maybe it's even |
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in your package manager. If you use Ubuntu, try:: |
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$ sudo apt-get install python-virtualenv |
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If you are on Windows and don't have the :command:`easy_install` command, you must |
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install it first. Check the :ref:`windows-easy-install` section for more |
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information about how to do that. Once you have it installed, run the same |
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commands as above, but without the :command:`sudo` prefix. |
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Once you have virtualenv installed, just fire up a shell and create |
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your own environment. I usually create a project folder and a :file:`venv` |
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folder within:: |
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$ mkdir myproject |
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$ cd myproject |
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$ virtualenv venv |
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New python executable in venv/bin/python |
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Installing setuptools, pip............done. |
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Now, whenever you want to work on a project, you only have to activate the |
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corresponding environment. On OS X and Linux, do the following:: |
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$ . venv/bin/activate |
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If you are a Windows user, the following command is for you:: |
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$ venv\scripts\activate |
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Either way, you should now be using your virtualenv (notice how the prompt of |
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your shell has changed to show the active environment). |
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And if you want to go back to the real world, use the following command:: |
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$ deactivate |
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After doing this, the prompt of your shell should be as familiar as before. |
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Now, let's move on. Enter the following command to get Flask activated in your |
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virtualenv:: |
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$ pip install Flask |
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A few seconds later and you are good to go. |
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System-Wide Installation |
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------------------------ |
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This is possible as well, though I do not recommend it. Just run |
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:command:`pip` with root privileges:: |
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$ sudo pip install Flask |
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(On Windows systems, run it in a command-prompt window with administrator |
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privileges, and leave out :command:`sudo`.) |
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Living on the Edge |
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------------------ |
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If you want to work with the latest version of Flask, there are two ways: you |
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can either let :command:`pip` pull in the development version, or you can tell |
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it to operate on a git checkout. Either way, virtualenv is recommended. |
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Get the git checkout in a new virtualenv and run in development mode:: |
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$ git clone http://github.com/pallets/flask.git |
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Initialized empty Git repository in ~/dev/flask/.git/ |
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$ cd flask |
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$ virtualenv venv |
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New python executable in venv/bin/python |
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Installing setuptools, pip............done. |
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$ . venv/bin/activate |
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$ python setup.py develop |
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... |
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Finished processing dependencies for Flask |
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This will pull in the dependencies and activate the git head as the current |
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version inside the virtualenv. Then all you have to do is run ``git pull |
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origin`` to update to the latest version. |
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.. _windows-easy-install: |
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`pip` and `setuptools` on Windows |
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--------------------------------- |
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Sometimes getting the standard "Python packaging tools" like *pip*, *setuptools* |
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and *virtualenv* can be a little trickier, but nothing very hard. The two crucial |
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packages you will need are setuptools and pip - these will let you install |
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anything else (like virtualenv). Fortunately there are two "bootstrap scripts" |
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you can run to install either. |
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If you don't currently have either, then `get-pip.py` will install both for you |
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(you won't need to run ez_setup.py). |
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`get-pip.py`_ |
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To install the latest setuptools, you can use its bootstrap file: |
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`ez_setup.py`_ |
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Either should be double-clickable once you download them. If you already have pip, |
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you can upgrade them by running:: |
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> pip install --upgrade pip setuptools |
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Most often, once you pull up a command prompt you want to be able to type :command:`pip` |
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and :command:`python` which will run those things, but this might not automatically happen |
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on Windows, because it doesn't know where those executables are (give either a try!). |
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To fix this, you should be able to navigate to your Python install directory |
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(e.g :file:`C:\Python27`), then go to :file:`Tools`, then :file:`Scripts`, then find the |
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:file:`win_add2path.py` file and run that. Open a **new** Command Prompt and |
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check that you can now just type :command:`python` to bring up the interpreter. |
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Finally, to install `virtualenv`_, you can simply run:: |
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> pip install virtualenv |
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Then you can be off on your way following the installation instructions above. |
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.. _get-pip.py: https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py |
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.. _ez_setup.py: https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py
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