|
|
Project Layout |
|
|
============== |
|
|
|
|
|
Create a project directory and enter it: |
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: none |
|
|
|
|
|
mkdir flask-tutorial |
|
|
cd flask-tutorial |
|
|
|
|
|
Then follow the :doc:`installation instructions </installation>` to set |
|
|
up a Python virtual environment and install Flask for your project. |
|
|
|
|
|
The tutorial will assume you're working from the ``flask-tutorial`` |
|
|
directory from now on. The file names at the top of each code block are |
|
|
relative to this directory. |
|
|
|
|
|
---- |
|
|
|
|
|
A Flask application can be as simple as a single file. |
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: python |
|
|
:caption: ``hello.py`` |
|
|
|
|
|
from flask import Flask |
|
|
|
|
|
app = Flask(__name__) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@app.route('/') |
|
|
def hello(): |
|
|
return 'Hello, World!' |
|
|
|
|
|
However, as a project get bigger, it becomes overwhelming to keep all |
|
|
the code in one file. Python projects use *packages* to organize code |
|
|
into multiple modules that can be imported where needed, and the |
|
|
tutorial will do this as well. |
|
|
|
|
|
The project directory will contain: |
|
|
|
|
|
* ``flaskr/``, a Python package containing your application code and |
|
|
files. |
|
|
* ``tests/``, a directory containing test modules. |
|
|
* ``venv/``, a Python virtual environment where Flask and other |
|
|
dependencies are installed. |
|
|
* Installation files telling Python how to install your project. |
|
|
* Version control config, such as `git`_. You should make a habit of |
|
|
using some type of version control for all your projects, no matter |
|
|
the size. |
|
|
* Any other project files you might add in the future. |
|
|
|
|
|
.. _git: https://git-scm.com/ |
|
|
|
|
|
By the end, your project layout will look like this: |
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: none |
|
|
|
|
|
/home/user/Projects/flask-tutorial |
|
|
├── flaskr/ |
|
|
│ ├── __init__.py |
|
|
│ ├── db.py |
|
|
│ ├── schema.sql |
|
|
│ ├── auth.py |
|
|
│ ├── blog.py |
|
|
│ ├── templates/ |
|
|
│ │ ├── base.html |
|
|
│ │ ├── auth/ |
|
|
│ │ │ ├── login.html |
|
|
│ │ │ └── register.html |
|
|
│ │ └── blog/ |
|
|
│ │ ├── create.html |
|
|
│ │ ├── index.html |
|
|
│ │ └── update.html |
|
|
│ └── static/ |
|
|
│ └── style.css |
|
|
├── tests/ |
|
|
│ ├── conftest.py |
|
|
│ ├── data.sql |
|
|
│ ├── test_factory.py |
|
|
│ ├── test_db.py |
|
|
│ ├── test_auth.py |
|
|
│ └── test_blog.py |
|
|
├── venv/ |
|
|
├── setup.py |
|
|
└── MANIFEST.in |
|
|
|
|
|
If you're using version control, the following files that are generated |
|
|
while running your project should be ignored. There may be other files |
|
|
based on the editor you use. In general, ignore files that you didn't |
|
|
write. For example, with git: |
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: none |
|
|
:caption: ``.gitignore`` |
|
|
|
|
|
venv/ |
|
|
|
|
|
*.pyc |
|
|
__pycache__/ |
|
|
|
|
|
instance/ |
|
|
|
|
|
.pytest_cache/ |
|
|
.coverage |
|
|
htmlcov/ |
|
|
|
|
|
dist/ |
|
|
build/ |
|
|
*.egg-info/ |
|
|
|
|
|
Continue to :doc:`factory`.
|
|
|
|
