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// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
//
// An Env is an interface used by the leveldb implementation to access
// operating system functionality like the filesystem etc. Callers
// may wish to provide a custom Env object when opening a database to
// get fine gain control; e.g., to rate limit file system operations.
//
// All Env implementations are safe for concurrent access from
// multiple threads without any external synchronization.
#ifndef STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_ENV_H_
#define STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_ENV_H_
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "leveldb/export.h"
#include "leveldb/status.h"
#if defined(_WIN32)
// The leveldb::Env class below contains a DeleteFile method.
// At the same time, <windows.h>, a fairly popular header
// file for Windows applications, defines a DeleteFile macro.
//
// Without any intervention on our part, the result of this
// unfortunate coincidence is that the name of the
// leveldb::Env::DeleteFile method seen by the compiler depends on
// whether <windows.h> was included before or after the LevelDB
// headers.
//
// To avoid headaches, we undefined DeleteFile (if defined) and
// redefine it at the bottom of this file. This way <windows.h>
// can be included before this file (or not at all) and the
// exported method will always be leveldb::Env::DeleteFile.
#if defined(DeleteFile)
#undef DeleteFile
#define LEVELDB_DELETEFILE_UNDEFINED
#endif // defined(DeleteFile)
#endif // defined(_WIN32)
namespace leveldb {
class FileLock;
class Logger;
class RandomAccessFile;
class SequentialFile;
class Slice;
class WritableFile;
class LEVELDB_EXPORT Env {
public:
Env() = default;
Env(const Env&) = delete;
Env& operator=(const Env&) = delete;
virtual ~Env();
// Return a default environment suitable for the current operating
// system. Sophisticated users may wish to provide their own Env
// implementation instead of relying on this default environment.
//
// The result of Default() belongs to leveldb and must never be deleted.
static Env* Default();
// Create an object that sequentially reads the file with the specified name.
// On success, stores a pointer to the new file in *result and returns OK.
// On failure stores nullptr in *result and returns non-OK. If the file does
// not exist, returns a non-OK status. Implementations should return a
// NotFound status when the file does not exist.
//
// The returned file will only be accessed by one thread at a time.
virtual Status NewSequentialFile(const std::string& fname,
SequentialFile** result) = 0;
// Create an object supporting random-access reads from the file with the
// specified name. On success, stores a pointer to the new file in
// *result and returns OK. On failure stores nullptr in *result and
// returns non-OK. If the file does not exist, returns a non-OK
// status. Implementations should return a NotFound status when the file does
// not exist.
//
// The returned file may be concurrently accessed by multiple threads.
virtual Status NewRandomAccessFile(const std::string& fname,
RandomAccessFile** result) = 0;
// Create an object that writes to a new file with the specified
// name. Deletes any existing file with the same name and creates a
// new file. On success, stores a pointer to the new file in
// *result and returns OK. On failure stores nullptr in *result and
// returns non-OK.
//
// The returned file will only be accessed by one thread at a time.
virtual Status NewWritableFile(const std::string& fname,
WritableFile** result) = 0;
// Create an object that either appends to an existing file, or
// writes to a new file (if the file does not exist to begin with).
// On success, stores a pointer to the new file in *result and
// returns OK. On failure stores nullptr in *result and returns
// non-OK.
//
// The returned file will only be accessed by one thread at a time.
//
// May return an IsNotSupportedError error if this Env does
// not allow appending to an existing file. Users of Env (including
// the leveldb implementation) must be prepared to deal with
// an Env that does not support appending.
virtual Status NewAppendableFile(const std::string& fname,
WritableFile** result);
// Returns true iff the named file exists.
virtual bool FileExists(const std::string& fname) = 0;
// Store in *result the names of the children of the specified directory.
// The names are relative to "dir".
// Original contents of *results are dropped.
virtual Status GetChildren(const std::string& dir,
std::vector<std::string>* result) = 0;
// Delete the named file.
virtual Status DeleteFile(const std::string& fname) = 0;
// Create the specified directory.
virtual Status CreateDir(const std::string& dirname) = 0;
// Delete the specified directory.
virtual Status DeleteDir(const std::string& dirname) = 0;
// Store the size of fname in *file_size.
virtual Status GetFileSize(const std::string& fname, uint64_t* file_size) = 0;
// Rename file src to target.
virtual Status RenameFile(const std::string& src,
const std::string& target) = 0;
// Lock the specified file. Used to prevent concurrent access to
// the same db by multiple processes. On failure, stores nullptr in
// *lock and returns non-OK.
//
// On success, stores a pointer to the object that represents the
// acquired lock in *lock and returns OK. The caller should call
// UnlockFile(*lock) to release the lock. If the process exits,
// the lock will be automatically released.
//
// If somebody else already holds the lock, finishes immediately
// with a failure. I.e., this call does not wait for existing locks
// to go away.
//
// May create the named file if it does not already exist.
virtual Status LockFile(const std::string& fname, FileLock** lock) = 0;
// Release the lock acquired by a previous successful call to LockFile.
// REQUIRES: lock was returned by a successful LockFile() call
// REQUIRES: lock has not already been unlocked.
virtual Status UnlockFile(FileLock* lock) = 0;
// Arrange to run "(*function)(arg)" once in a background thread.
//
// "function" may run in an unspecified thread. Multiple functions
// added to the same Env may run concurrently in different threads.
// I.e., the caller may not assume that background work items are
// serialized.
virtual void Schedule(void (*function)(void* arg), void* arg) = 0;
// Start a new thread, invoking "function(arg)" within the new thread.
// When "function(arg)" returns, the thread will be destroyed.
virtual void StartThread(void (*function)(void* arg), void* arg) = 0;
// *path is set to a temporary directory that can be used for testing. It may
// or may not have just been created. The directory may or may not differ
// between runs of the same process, but subsequent calls will return the
// same directory.
virtual Status GetTestDirectory(std::string* path) = 0;
// Create and return a log file for storing informational messages.
virtual Status NewLogger(const std::string& fname, Logger** result) = 0;
// Returns the number of micro-seconds since some fixed point in time. Only
// useful for computing deltas of time.
virtual uint64_t NowMicros() = 0;
// Sleep/delay the thread for the prescribed number of micro-seconds.
virtual void SleepForMicroseconds(int micros) = 0;
};
// A file abstraction for reading sequentially through a file
class LEVELDB_EXPORT SequentialFile {
public:
SequentialFile() = default;
SequentialFile(const SequentialFile&) = delete;
SequentialFile& operator=(const SequentialFile&) = delete;
virtual ~SequentialFile();
// Read up to "n" bytes from the file. "scratch[0..n-1]" may be
// written by this routine. Sets "*result" to the data that was
// read (including if fewer than "n" bytes were successfully read).
// May set "*result" to point at data in "scratch[0..n-1]", so
// "scratch[0..n-1]" must be live when "*result" is used.
// If an error was encountered, returns a non-OK status.
//
// REQUIRES: External synchronization
virtual Status Read(size_t n, Slice* result, char* scratch) = 0;
// Skip "n" bytes from the file. This is guaranteed to be no
// slower that reading the same data, but may be faster.
//
// If end of file is reached, skipping will stop at the end of the
// file, and Skip will return OK.
//
// REQUIRES: External synchronization
virtual Status Skip(uint64_t n) = 0;
};
// A file abstraction for randomly reading the contents of a file.
class LEVELDB_EXPORT RandomAccessFile {
public:
RandomAccessFile() = default;
RandomAccessFile(const RandomAccessFile&) = delete;
RandomAccessFile& operator=(const RandomAccessFile&) = delete;
virtual ~RandomAccessFile();
// Read up to "n" bytes from the file starting at "offset".
// "scratch[0..n-1]" may be written by this routine. Sets "*result"
// to the data that was read (including if fewer than "n" bytes were
// successfully read). May set "*result" to point at data in
// "scratch[0..n-1]", so "scratch[0..n-1]" must be live when
// "*result" is used. If an error was encountered, returns a non-OK
// status.
//
// Safe for concurrent use by multiple threads.
virtual Status Read(uint64_t offset, size_t n, Slice* result,
char* scratch) const = 0;
};
// A file abstraction for sequential writing. The implementation
// must provide buffering since callers may append small fragments
// at a time to the file.
class LEVELDB_EXPORT WritableFile {
public:
WritableFile() = default;
WritableFile(const WritableFile&) = delete;
WritableFile& operator=(const WritableFile&) = delete;
virtual ~WritableFile();
virtual Status Append(const Slice& data) = 0;
virtual Status Close() = 0;
virtual Status Flush() = 0;
virtual Status Sync() = 0;
};
// An interface for writing log messages.
class LEVELDB_EXPORT Logger {
public:
Logger() = default;
Logger(const Logger&) = delete;
Logger& operator=(const Logger&) = delete;
virtual ~Logger();
// Write an entry to the log file with the specified format.
virtual void Logv(const char* format, va_list ap) = 0;
};
// Identifies a locked file.
class LEVELDB_EXPORT FileLock {
public:
FileLock() = default;
FileLock(const FileLock&) = delete;
FileLock& operator=(const FileLock&) = delete;
virtual ~FileLock();
};
// Log the specified data to *info_log if info_log is non-null.
void Log(Logger* info_log, const char* format, ...)
#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
__attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 3)))
#endif
;
// A utility routine: write "data" to the named file.
LEVELDB_EXPORT Status WriteStringToFile(Env* env, const Slice& data,
const std::string& fname);
// A utility routine: read contents of named file into *data
LEVELDB_EXPORT Status ReadFileToString(Env* env, const std::string& fname,
std::string* data);
// An implementation of Env that forwards all calls to another Env.
// May be useful to clients who wish to override just part of the
// functionality of another Env.
class LEVELDB_EXPORT EnvWrapper : public Env {
public:
// Initialize an EnvWrapper that delegates all calls to *t.
explicit EnvWrapper(Env* t) : target_(t) {}
virtual ~EnvWrapper();
// Return the target to which this Env forwards all calls.
Env* target() const { return target_; }
// The following text is boilerplate that forwards all methods to target().
Status NewSequentialFile(const std::string& f, SequentialFile** r) override {
return target_->NewSequentialFile(f, r);
}
Status NewRandomAccessFile(const std::string& f,
RandomAccessFile** r) override {
return target_->NewRandomAccessFile(f, r);
}
Status NewWritableFile(const std::string& f, WritableFile** r) override {
return target_->NewWritableFile(f, r);
}
Status NewAppendableFile(const std::string& f, WritableFile** r) override {
return target_->NewAppendableFile(f, r);
}
bool FileExists(const std::string& f) override {
return target_->FileExists(f);
}
Status GetChildren(const std::string& dir,
std::vector<std::string>* r) override {
return target_->GetChildren(dir, r);
}
Status DeleteFile(const std::string& f) override {
return target_->DeleteFile(f);
}
Status CreateDir(const std::string& d) override {
return target_->CreateDir(d);
}
Status DeleteDir(const std::string& d) override {
return target_->DeleteDir(d);
}
Status GetFileSize(const std::string& f, uint64_t* s) override {
return target_->GetFileSize(f, s);
}
Status RenameFile(const std::string& s, const std::string& t) override {
return target_->RenameFile(s, t);
}
Status LockFile(const std::string& f, FileLock** l) override {
return target_->LockFile(f, l);
}
Status UnlockFile(FileLock* l) override { return target_->UnlockFile(l); }
void Schedule(void (*f)(void*), void* a) override {
return target_->Schedule(f, a);
}
void StartThread(void (*f)(void*), void* a) override {
return target_->StartThread(f, a);
}
Status GetTestDirectory(std::string* path) override {
return target_->GetTestDirectory(path);
}
Status NewLogger(const std::string& fname, Logger** result) override {
return target_->NewLogger(fname, result);
}
uint64_t NowMicros() override { return target_->NowMicros(); }
void SleepForMicroseconds(int micros) override {
target_->SleepForMicroseconds(micros);
}
private:
Env* target_;
};
} // namespace leveldb
// Redefine DeleteFile if necessary.
#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(LEVELDB_DELETEFILE_UNDEFINED)
#if defined(UNICODE)
#define DeleteFile DeleteFileW
#else
#define DeleteFile DeleteFileA
#endif // defined(UNICODE)
#endif // defined(_WIN32) && defined(LEVELDB_DELETEFILE_UNDEFINED)
#endif // STORAGE_LEVELDB_INCLUDE_ENV_H_