allow local packages in FLASK_APP

don't require .py extension in FLASK_APP
add tests for nested package loading
parametrize cli loading tests

CHANGES

@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ Major release, unreleased
 - FLASK_APP=myproject.app:create_app('dev') support.
 - ``FLASK_APP`` can be set to an app factory, with arguments if needed, for
   example ``FLASK_APP=myproject.app:create_app('dev')``. (`#2326`_)
+- ``FLASK_APP`` can point to local packages that are not installed in dev mode,
+  although `pip install -e` should still be preferred. (`#2414`_)
 - ``View.provide_automatic_options = True`` is set on the view function from
   ``View.as_view``, to be detected in ``app.add_url_rule``. (`#2316`_)
 - Error handling will try handlers registered for ``blueprint, code``,
@@ -127,6 +129,7 @@ Major release, unreleased
 .. _#2373: https://github.com/pallets/flask/pull/2373
 .. _#2385: https://github.com/pallets/flask/issues/2385
 .. _#2412: https://github.com/pallets/flask/pull/2412
+.. _#2414: https://github.com/pallets/flask/pull/2414
 
 Version 0.12.2
 --------------

flask/cli.py

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ def find_app_by_string(string, script_info, module):
             if isinstance(app, Flask):
                 return app
             else:
-                raise RuntimeError('Failed to find application in module '
+                raise NoAppException('Failed to find application in module '
                                    '"{name}"'.format(name=module))
         except TypeError as e:
             new_error = NoAppException(
@@ -147,85 +147,61 @@ def find_app_by_string(string, script_info, module):
             'or function expression.'.format(string=string))
 
 
-def prepare_exec_for_file(filename):
+def prepare_import(path):
     """Given a filename this will try to calculate the python path, add it
     to the search path and return the actual module name that is expected.
     """
-    module = []
+    path = os.path.realpath(path)
 
-    # Chop off file extensions or package markers
+    if os.path.splitext(path)[1] == '.py':
-    if os.path.split(filename)[1] == '__init__.py':
+        path = os.path.splitext(path)[0]
-        filename = os.path.dirname(filename)
+
-    elif filename.endswith('.py'):
+    if os.path.basename(path) == '__init__':
-        filename = filename[:-3]
+        path = os.path.dirname(path)
-    else:
+
-        raise NoAppException('The file provided (%s) does exist but is not a '
+    module_name = []
-                             'valid Python file.  This means that it cannot '
+
-                             'be used as application.  Please change the '
+    # move up until outside package structure (no __init__.py)
-                             'extension to .py' % filename)
+    while True:
-    filename = os.path.realpath(filename)
+        path, name = os.path.split(path)
-
+        module_name.append(name)
-    dirpath = filename
+
-    while 1:
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, '__init__.py')):
-        dirpath, extra = os.path.split(dirpath)
-        module.append(extra)
-        if not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(dirpath, '__init__.py')):
             break
 
-    if sys.path[0] != dirpath:
+    if sys.path[0] != path:
-        sys.path.insert(0, dirpath)
+        sys.path.insert(0, path)
 
-    return '.'.join(module[::-1])
+    return '.'.join(module_name[::-1])
 
 
-def locate_app(script_info, app_id, raise_if_not_found=True):
+def locate_app(script_info, module_name, app_name, raise_if_not_found=True):
     """Attempts to locate the application."""
     __traceback_hide__ = True
 
-    if ':' in app_id:
-        module, app_obj = app_id.split(':', 1)
-    else:
-        module = app_id
-        app_obj = None
-
     try:
-        __import__(module)
+        __import__(module_name)
     except ImportError:
         # Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
         # Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
         if sys.exc_info()[-1].tb_next:
-            stack_trace = traceback.format_exc()
             raise NoAppException(
-                'There was an error trying to import the app ({module}):\n'
+                'While importing "{name}", an ImportError was raised:'
-                '{stack_trace}'.format(
+                '\n\n{tb}'.format(name=module_name, tb=traceback.format_exc())
-                    module=module, stack_trace=stack_trace
-                )
             )
         elif raise_if_not_found:
             raise NoAppException(
-                'The file/path provided ({module}) does not appear to exist.'
+                'Could not import "{name}"."'.format(name=module_name)
-                ' Please verify the path is correct. If app is not on'
-                ' PYTHONPATH, ensure the extension is .py.'.format(
-                    module=module)
             )
         else:
             return
 
-    mod = sys.modules[module]
+    module = sys.modules[module_name]
 
-    if app_obj is None:
+    if app_name is None:
-        return find_best_app(script_info, mod)
+        return find_best_app(script_info, module)
     else:
-        return find_app_by_string(app_obj, script_info, mod)
+        return find_app_by_string(app_name, script_info, module)
-
-
-def find_default_import_path():
-    app = os.environ.get('FLASK_APP')
-    if app is None:
-        return
-    if os.path.isfile(app):
-        return prepare_exec_for_file(app)
-    return app
 
 
 def get_version(ctx, param, value):
@@ -308,15 +284,8 @@ class ScriptInfo(object):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, app_import_path=None, create_app=None):
-        if create_app is None:
-            if app_import_path is None:
-                app_import_path = find_default_import_path()
-            self.app_import_path = app_import_path
-        else:
-            app_import_path = None
-
         #: Optionally the import path for the Flask application.
-        self.app_import_path = app_import_path
+        self.app_import_path = app_import_path or os.environ.get('FLASK_APP')
         #: Optionally a function that is passed the script info to create
         #: the instance of the application.
         self.create_app = create_app
@@ -335,37 +304,39 @@ class ScriptInfo(object):
         if self._loaded_app is not None:
             return self._loaded_app
 
+        app = None
+
         if self.create_app is not None:
-            rv = call_factory(self.create_app, self)
+            app = call_factory(self.create_app, self)
         else:
             if self.app_import_path:
-                rv = locate_app(self, self.app_import_path)
+                path, name = (self.app_import_path.split(':', 1) + [None])[:2]
+                import_name = prepare_import(path)
+                app = locate_app(self, import_name, name)
             else:
-                for module in ['wsgi.py', 'app.py']:
+                for path in ('wsgi.py', 'app.py'):
-                    import_path = prepare_exec_for_file(module)
+                    import_name = prepare_import(path)
-                    rv = locate_app(
+                    app = locate_app(
-                        self, import_path, raise_if_not_found=False
+                        self, import_name, None, raise_if_not_found=False
                     )
 
-                    if rv:
+                    if app:
                         break
 
-            if not rv:
+        if not app:
             raise NoAppException(
-                    'Could not locate Flask application. You did not provide '
+                'Could not locate a Flask application. You did not provide '
-                    'the FLASK_APP environment variable, and a wsgi.py or '
+                'the "FLASK_APP" environment variable, and a "wsgi.py" or '
-                    'app.py module was not found in the current directory.\n\n'
+                '"app.py" module was not found in the current directory.'
-                    'For more information see '
-                    'http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/latest/quickstart/'
             )
 
         debug = get_debug_flag()
 
         if debug is not None:
-            rv._reconfigure_for_run_debug(debug)
+            app._reconfigure_for_run_debug(debug)
 
-        self._loaded_app = rv
+        self._loaded_app = app
-        return rv
+        return app
 
 
 pass_script_info = click.make_pass_decorator(ScriptInfo, ensure=True)

tests/test_apps/cliapp/factory.py

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ from flask import Flask
 
 
 def create_app():
-    return Flask('create_app')
+    return Flask('app')
 
 
 def create_app2(foo, bar):
-    return Flask("_".join(['create_app2', foo, bar]))
+    return Flask('_'.join(['app2', foo, bar]))
 
 
-def create_app3(foo, bar, script_info):
+def create_app3(foo, script_info):
-    return Flask("_".join(['create_app3', foo, bar]))
+    return Flask('_'.join(['app3', foo, script_info.data['test']]))

tests/test_apps/cliapp/inner1/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from flask import Flask
+
+application = Flask(__name__)

tests/test_apps/cliapp/inner1/inner2/flask.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from flask import Flask
+
+app = Flask(__name__)

tests/test_apps/cliapp/message.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+So long, and thanks for all the fish.

tests/test_cli.py

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
 # the Revised BSD License.
 # Copyright (C) 2015 CERN.
 #
-from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
 import os
 import sys
 from functools import partial
@@ -19,11 +20,10 @@ from functools import partial
 import click
 import pytest
 from click.testing import CliRunner
-from flask import Flask, current_app
 
-from flask.cli import cli, AppGroup, FlaskGroup, NoAppException, ScriptInfo, \
+from flask import Flask, current_app
-    find_best_app, locate_app, with_appcontext, prepare_exec_for_file, \
+from flask.cli import AppGroup, FlaskGroup, NoAppException, ScriptInfo, \
-    find_default_import_path, get_version
+    find_best_app, get_version, locate_app, prepare_import, with_appcontext
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -125,78 +125,104 @@ def test_find_best_app(test_apps):
     pytest.raises(NoAppException, find_best_app, script_info, Module)
 
 
-def test_prepare_exec_for_file(test_apps):
+cwd = os.getcwd()
-    """Expect the correct path to be set and the correct module name to be returned.
+test_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
-
+    os.path.dirname(__file__), 'test_apps'
-    :func:`prepare_exec_for_file` has a side effect, where
+))
-    the parent directory of given file is added to `sys.path`.
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('value,path,result', (
+    ('test', cwd, 'test'),
+    ('test.py', cwd, 'test'),
+    ('a/test', os.path.join(cwd, 'a'), 'test'),
+    ('test/__init__.py', cwd, 'test'),
+    ('test/__init__', cwd, 'test'),
+    # nested package
+    (
+        os.path.join(test_path, 'cliapp', 'inner1', '__init__'),
+        test_path, 'cliapp.inner1'
+    ),
+    (
+        os.path.join(test_path, 'cliapp', 'inner1', 'inner2'),
+        test_path, 'cliapp.inner1.inner2'
+    ),
+    # dotted name
+    ('test.a.b', cwd, 'test.a.b'),
+    (os.path.join(test_path, 'cliapp.app'), test_path, 'cliapp.app'),
+    # not a Python file, will be caught during import
+    (
+        os.path.join(test_path, 'cliapp', 'message.txt'),
+        test_path, 'cliapp.message.txt'
+    ),
+))
+def test_prepare_import(request, value, path, result):
+    """Expect the correct path to be set and the correct import and app names
+    to be returned.
+
+    :func:`prepare_exec_for_file` has a side effect where the parent directory
+    of the given import is added to :data:`sys.path`. This is reset after the
+    test runs.
     """
-    realpath = os.path.realpath('/tmp/share/test.py')
+    original_path = sys.path[:]
-    dirname = os.path.dirname(realpath)
+
-    assert prepare_exec_for_file('/tmp/share/test.py') == 'test'
+    def reset_path():
-    assert dirname in sys.path
+        sys.path[:] = original_path
-
+
-    realpath = os.path.realpath('/tmp/share/__init__.py')
+    request.addfinalizer(reset_path)
-    dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(realpath))
+
-    assert prepare_exec_for_file('/tmp/share/__init__.py') == 'share'
+    assert prepare_import(value) == result
-    assert dirname in sys.path
+    assert sys.path[0] == path
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('iname,aname,result', (
+    ('cliapp.app', None, 'testapp'),
+    ('cliapp.app', 'testapp', 'testapp'),
+    ('cliapp.factory', None, 'app'),
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app', 'app'),
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app()', 'app'),
+    # no script_info
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app2("foo", "bar")', 'app2_foo_bar'),
+    # trailing comma space
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app2("foo", "bar", )', 'app2_foo_bar'),
+    # takes script_info
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app3("foo")', 'app3_foo_spam'),
+))
+def test_locate_app(test_apps, iname, aname, result):
+    info = ScriptInfo()
+    info.data['test'] = 'spam'
+    assert locate_app(info, iname, aname).name == result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('iname,aname', (
+    ('notanapp.py', None),
+    ('cliapp/app', None),
+    ('cliapp.app', 'notanapp'),
+    # not enough arguments
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app2("foo")'),
+    # nested import error
+    ('cliapp.importerrorapp', None),
+    # not a Python file
+    ('cliapp.message.txt', None),
+    # space before arg list
+    ('cliapp.factory', 'create_app ()'),
+))
+def test_locate_app_raises(test_apps, iname, aname):
+    info = ScriptInfo()
 
     with pytest.raises(NoAppException):
-        prepare_exec_for_file('/tmp/share/test.txt')
+        locate_app(info, iname, aname)
 
 
-def test_locate_app(test_apps):
+def test_locate_app_suppress_raise():
-    """Test of locate_app."""
+    info = ScriptInfo()
-    script_info = ScriptInfo()
+    app = locate_app(info, 'notanapp.py', None, raise_if_not_found=False)
-    assert locate_app(script_info, "cliapp.app").name == "testapp"
+    assert app is None
-    assert locate_app(script_info, "cliapp.app:testapp").name == "testapp"
+
-    assert locate_app(script_info, "cliapp.factory").name == "create_app"
+    # only direct import error is suppressed
-    assert locate_app(
+    with pytest.raises(NoAppException):
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory").name == "create_app"
+        locate_app(
-    assert locate_app(
+            info, 'cliapp.importerrorapp', None, raise_if_not_found=False
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app").name == "create_app"
+        )
-    assert locate_app(
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app()").name == "create_app"
-    assert locate_app(
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app2('foo', 'bar')"
-    ).name == "create_app2_foo_bar"
-    assert locate_app(
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app2('foo', 'bar', )"
-    ).name == "create_app2_foo_bar"
-    assert locate_app(
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app3('baz', 'qux')"
-    ).name == "create_app3_baz_qux"
-    assert locate_app(script_info, "cliapp.multiapp:app1").name == "app1"
-    pytest.raises(
-        NoAppException, locate_app, script_info, "notanpp.py")
-    pytest.raises(
-        NoAppException, locate_app, script_info, "cliapp/app")
-    pytest.raises(
-        RuntimeError, locate_app, script_info, "cliapp.app:notanapp")
-    pytest.raises(
-        NoAppException, locate_app,
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app2('foo')")
-    pytest.raises(
-        NoAppException, locate_app,
-        script_info, "cliapp.factory:create_app ()")
-    pytest.raises(
-        NoAppException, locate_app, script_info, "cliapp.importerrorapp")
-    assert locate_app(
-        script_info, "notanpp.py", raise_if_not_found=False
-    ) is None
-
-
-def test_find_default_import_path(test_apps, monkeypatch, tmpdir):
-    """Test of find_default_import_path."""
-    monkeypatch.delitem(os.environ, 'FLASK_APP', raising=False)
-    assert find_default_import_path() == None
-    monkeypatch.setitem(os.environ, 'FLASK_APP', 'notanapp')
-    assert find_default_import_path() == 'notanapp'
-    tmpfile = tmpdir.join('testapp.py')
-    tmpfile.write('')
-    monkeypatch.setitem(os.environ, 'FLASK_APP', str(tmpfile))
-    expect_rv = prepare_exec_for_file(str(tmpfile))
-    assert find_default_import_path() == expect_rv
 
 
 def test_get_version(test_apps, capsys):